LTE Quick Reference Go Back To Index Home : www.sharetechnote.com
SSS (Secondary Synchronization Channel)
SSS is a specific physical layer signal that is used for radio frame synchronization. It has characterstics as listed below.
- Mapped to 72 active sub carriers(6 resource blocks), centered around the DC subcarrier in slot 0 (Subframe 0) and slot 10 (Subframe 5) in FDD.
- The sequence of SSS in subframe 0 and the one in subframe 5 are different from each other
- Made up of 62 Scrambling Sequence (based on m-sequence)
- The value in odd indexed resource element and the one in even indexed resource elements is generated by different equation
- Used for Downlink Frame Synchronization
- One of the critical factors determining Physical Cell ID
May Not be a big issues for most of the case since it would be working fine for most of the device that you have for test. Otherwise it would have not been given to you for test.
However, If you are a developer working at early stage of LTE chipset, this would be one of the first signal you have to implement.
The exact PSS symbol calculation is done by the following formula as described in 36.211 - 6.11.2. For the specific example of generated PSS, refer to Matlab : Toolbox : LTE : SSS page.
< Resource Element Mapping >
< Matlab code for SSS Generation >
Following is the Matlab code for SSS Generation. This is only for the SSS in subframe 0 and I think you can easily modify this to generate the sequence for subframe 5.
clear all;
NID1 = 0;
NID2 = 0;
q_prime = floor(NID1/30);
q = floor(((NID1+q_prime*(q_prime+1)/2))/30);
m_prime = NID1 + q *(q+1)/2;
m0 = mod(m_prime, 31);
m1 = mod(m0 + floor(m_prime/31)+1,31);
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% generate d_even() sequence %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Generate the sequence x_s() : x() for calculating s_tilda()
x_s = zeros(1,31);
x_s(1:5) = [0 0 0 0 1];
for i = 0:25
x_s((i+5)+1) = mod(x_s(i+2+1)+x_s(i+1),2);
end;
% Generate the sequence x_c() : x() for calculating c_tilda()
x_c = zeros(1,31);
x_c(1:5) = [0 0 0 0 1];
for i = 0:25
x_c((i+5)+1) = mod(x_c(i+3+1)+x_c(i+1),2);
end;
% Generate the sequence s_tilda()
s_tilda = zeros(1,31);
for i = 0:30
s_tilda(i+1) = 1 - 2*x_s(i+1);
end;
% Generate the sequence c_tilda()
c_tilda = zeros(1,31);
for i = 0:30
c_tilda(i+1) = 1 - 2*x_c(i+1);
end;
% Generate s0_m0_even()
s0_m0_even = zeros(1,31);
for n = 0:30
s0_m0_even(n+1) = s_tilda(mod(n+m0,31)+1);
end;
% Generate c0_even()
c0_even = zeros(1,31);
for n = 0:30
c0_even(n+1) = c_tilda(mod(n+NID2,31)+1);
end;
% Calculate d_even_sub0
d_even_sub0 = s0_m0_even .* c0_even;
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% generate d_odd() sequence %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Generate the sequence x_s() : x() for calculating s_tilda()
x_z = zeros(1,31);
x_z(1:5) = [0 0 0 0 1];
for i = 0:25
x_z((i+5)+1) = mod(x_z(i+4+1) + x_z(i+2+1) + x_z(i+1+1)+ x_z(i+1),2);
end;
% Generate the sequence z_tilda()
z_tilda = zeros(1,31);
for i = 0:30
z_tilda(i+1) = 1 - 2*x_z(i+1);
end;
% Generate s1_m1_odd()
s1_m1_odd = zeros(1,31);
for n = 0:30
s1_m1_odd(n+1) = s_tilda(mod(n+m1,31)+1);
end;
% Generate c1_odd()
c1_odd = zeros(1,31);
for n = 0:30
c1_odd(n+1) = c_tilda(mod(n+NID2+3,31)+1);
end;
% Generate z1_m0_odd()
z1_m0_odd = zeros(1,31);
for n = 0:30
z1_m0_odd(n+1) = z_tilda(mod(n+mod(m0,8),31)+1);
end;
% Calculate d_odd_sub0
d_odd_sub0 = s1_m1_odd .* c1_odd .* z1_m0_odd;
% Calculate d_sub0
d_sub0 = zeros(1,62);
d_sub0(1:2:end-1) = d_even_sub0;
d_sub0(2:2:end) = d_odd_sub0;
subplot(1,5,1);
plot(real(d_sub0),imag(d_sub0),'ro','MarkerFaceColor',[1 0 1]);axis([-1.5 1.5 -1.5 1.5]);
subplot(1,5,[2 5]);
plot(real(d_sub0),'ro-');xlim([0 length(d_sub0)]);
Following is numberical output of d_sub0
1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1
-1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1
-1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1
1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1
Reference :
[1] Synchronization and Cell Search