Communication Technology

 

 

 

 

 

Encoding/Decoding - Presentation of Convolutional Code

 

There can be many different ways to represent the process for convolutional code.. but I think following three methods are the most common representation you would see in any materials about encoding/decoding process.

What would be the common things to all of these methods ? It is damm difficult and confusing -:)

The examples shown here are the simplest thing. I am almost 100% sure that I would have difficulties understanding these diagrams at first look... do it again ... do it again ... eventually understand ... and get confused again .... do get disappointed about yourself if you have the same difficulties.

 

Don't try memorizing these illustrations(examples). Try to cleary understand once. No problem with forgetting. Just come back to these examples again whenever you need it. If it takes a couple of hours to understand these examples for the first time, it would take only a couple of minutes when you revisit here.

 

 

Shift Register

 

a) Answer following questions for the illustration.

What is the current status (Values in shift register) ? --> 00 (The diagram on the left - Blue)

What is the input value ? --> 0 (The diagram on the left - Red)

What is the output value ? --> 00 (The diagram on the left - Green)

What is the next status (Values in shift register after encoding) ? --> 00 (The diagram on the right - Blue)

 

 

b) Answer following questions for the illustration.

What is the current status (Values in shift register) ? --> 01 (The diagram on the left - Blue)

What is the input value ? --> 0 (The diagram on the left - Red)

What is the output value ? --> 11 (The diagram on the left - Green)

What is the next status (Values in shift register after encoding) ? --> 00 (The diagram on the right - Blue)

 

 

c) Answer following questions for the illustration.

What is the current status (Values in shift register) ? --> 10 (The diagram on the left - Blue)

What is the input value ? --> 0 (The diagram on the left - Red)

What is the output value ? --> 10 (The diagram on the left - Green)

What is the next status (Values in shift register after encoding) ? --> 01 (The diagram on the right - Blue)

 

 

d) Answer following questions for the illustration.

What is the current status (Values in shift register) ? --> 11 (The diagram on the left - Blue)

What is the input value ? --> 0 (The diagram on the left - Red)

What is the output value ? --> 01 (The diagram on the left - Green)

What is the next status (Values in shift register after encoding) ? --> 01 (The diagram on the right - Blue)

 

e) Answer following questions for the illustration.

What is the current status (Values in shift register) ? --> 00 (The diagram on the left - Blue)

What is the input value ? --> 1 (The diagram on the left - Red)

What is the output value ? --> 11 (The diagram on the left - Green)

What is the next status (Values in shift register after encoding) ? --> 10 (The diagram on the right - Blue)

 

f) Answer following questions for the illustration.

What is the current status (Values in shift register) ? --> 01 (The diagram on the left - Blue)

What is the input value ? --> 1 (The diagram on the left - Red)

What is the output value ? --> 00 (The diagram on the left - Green)

What is the next status (Values in shift register after encoding) ? --> 10 (The diagram on the right - Blue)

 

g) Answer following questions for the illustration.

What is the current status (Values in shift register) ? --> 10 (The diagram on the left - Blue)

What is the input value ? --> 1 (The diagram on the left - Red)

What is the output value ? --> 01 (The diagram on the left - Green)

What is the next status (Values in shift register after encoding) ? --> 11 (The diagram on the right - Blue)

 

 

h) Answer following questions for the illustration.

What is the current status (Values in shift register) ? --> 11 (The diagram on the left - Blue)

What is the input value ? --> 1 (The diagram on the left - Red)

What is the output value ? --> 10 (The diagram on the left - Green)

What is the next status (Values in shift register after encoding) ? --> 11 (The diagram on the right - Blue)

 

 

 

State Diagram

 

Following two are the same encoding process. (The description is transition a) in previous section)

 

Following two are the same encoding process. (The description is transition e) in previous section)

 

 

 

Trellis Diagram